Maternal depression Prosocial ‡ Hyperactivity Emotional Peer problems Conduct Total difficulties Paternal depression Prosocial

The Medical Journal of Australia ISSN: 0025729X 5/19 December 2011 195 11/12 685-689 ©The Medical Journal of Australia 2011 www.mja.com.au Research ing). After controlling for social class, d gree f education and maternal depression, only the association between fathers’ postnatal depression and children’s later conduct problems (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.06–2.85) and hyperactivity (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.12–3.43) remained. However, s t t a s e o Objective: To examine the effects of paternal depression during children’s first year on their wellbeing at 4–5 years of age using a large, representative sample of Australian families.